Emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe wembulunga yonke, imboni ye-semiconductor ifinyelele emikhawulweni yezinqubo ezinciphayo, kubangele izimfuno ezintsha kanye nezinto ezintsha kubuchwepheshe bokupakisha obuthuthukisiwe.Le ndatshana izocubungula ngokujulile ukuthi ama-chips asekhaya angafinyelela kanjani ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe ngobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokupakisha ngaphansi kwenselelo yokuntuleka kwemishini ye-EUV Lithography, kanye nomthelela wale nqubo embonini ye-Somhlaba ye-Semiconductor.
1. Izinguquko ezintsha embonini ye-semiconductor: Ukupakishwa okuthuthukile kuba ukhiye
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, nge-shrinkage eyandayo yobuchwepheshe bezinqubo ze-semiconductor, siye saya emkhawulweni womzimba.Ngalesi sikhathi esibucayi, ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha obuthuthukisiwe bavela njengoba kudingeka izikhathi ezintsha zempi ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwe-chip.Yehlukile ngenani eliphansi elingezwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali okuphezulu kwemali esetshenzisiwe yendabuko, ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha obuthuthukisiwe obunjenge-comos sebeqalile ukuthola ukunakwa okubanzi embonini.Lapho isidingo somhlaba wonke sama-chips we-AI siwela, ikakhulukazi emjahweni we-AI Arms oholwa yi-NVIDIA, umthamo wokukhiqiza ongezansi weziqhwaga ezaziwayo njenge-TSMC uveze futhi usheshise ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokupakisha okuthuthukile.
Ngasikhathi sinye, yize i-TSMC, njengomholi wezimboni, isesesimweni esihamba phambili emkhakheni wokupakisha okuthuthukile, lapho ubhekene nokukhula okuqhumayo kokufunwa kwe-AI Chips kanye nokuvuselelwa kwemboniZizwe ingcindezi engakaze ibonwe futhi yaqala ukwandisa ama-comos nezinye izikhala ezithuthukile zokugcina ukulondolozwa kwezikhundla zayo eziholayo embonini ye-smover semiconductor.
2. Ukulinganiselwa kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphumelela: kusuka kuma-microprocessing kuya ukupakisha okusha okusha
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-semiconductor bekulokhu kuyinselele njalo emikhawulweni yeShrikage.Kodwa-ke, kusukela kwinqubo ye-28NM, inzuzo eseceleni kwe-shrinkah yehle kancane kancane futhi izindleko zanda kakhulu, ukuphoqa imboni ye-chip ukuba ifune indlela entsha yokuthuthuka.Ngasikhathi sinye, inkinga ephansi yesivuno yama-chip amakhulu asayizi amakhulu nayo iba ngesinye isithiyo esivinjelwe ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kokusebenza.Ikakhulu emkhakheni we-AI, isidingo sama-chip asebenza kakhulu sikhuthaze ukuphishekela izivuno eziphakeme kanye nama-chips akhudlwana wendawo.
Ngokwesimo sobuchwepheshe bendabuko be-microminiature abahlangabezana namabhodlela, ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha obuthuthukisiwe bunjenge-ray yokukhanya, ukuhlinzeka ngezindlela ezintsha zokuthuthukisa imboni.Ukupakishwa okuthuthukile akukuthuthuki nje kuphela ukuhlanganiswa nokusebenza kwama-chip, kepha futhi kuxazulula ngempumelelo uchungechunge lwezinkinga ekuphaketheni kwendabuko, njengokuphathwa kokushisa, ukusebenza kahle kancane kancane, njll. Zishintsha kancane kancane isimo semboni ye-semiconductor.
3. Ukubheka esikhathini esizayo: Ukwambula Izimfihlakalo Zokupakishwa Okuthuthukile
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke bajoyine ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokupakisha okuthuthukile, imboni yokufaka isethwe emathubeni amasha entuthuko.Imboni yokufaka, esetshenziselwa ukubhekwa njengesixhumanisi sesibili, manje sekuyibutho eliyisihluthulelo ekuthuthukiseni intuthulo ye-semiconductor technology.Isilinganiso somkhakha we-Global Chip Packing Isondzela unyaka nonyaka, futhi ama-Technology Iterations ashintsha ngosuku ngalunye oludlulayo.Kusuka ku-FC, uphuze ukupakishwa kwe-3D, konke okusha kwezobuchwepheshe kucindezela yonke imboni ye-semiconductor phambili.
Ukubhekana nekusasa, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokupakisha kuzokwahluka futhi kube yinkimbinkimbi.Ngokuzalwa nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, ukufakwa okuthuthukile ngeke kube kuphela izindlela zokunqoba amabhodlela obuchwepheshe, kepha futhi ube yinjini ebalulekile ukukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko yomkhakha we-semiconductor we-Global.Sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokupakisha obuthuthukisiwe bazoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile kumkhuba wezobuchwepheshe wembulunga yonke.